Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body. It is recognized as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic reactions, it is crucial for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism, the primary energy-carrying and creating molecule found in all living cells. Magnesium is required for DNA and RNA synthesis so the cells can reproduce and create copies of each cell for reproduction, and protein synthesis. Moreover, magnesium is essential for the regulation of muscular contraction and relaxation, healthy blood pressure, insulin metabolism, cardiac excitability, blood vessel tone, nerve transmission and neuromuscular contraction. Imbalances in magnesium status-primarily hypomagnesemia low levels of is seen more common than hypermagnesemia excess amounts-might result in unwanted neuromuscular, cardiac or nervous disorders. Based on magnesium's many functions within the human body, it plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Low levels of magnesium have been associated with a number of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (e.g., stroke), migraine headaches, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).